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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 12:24 am
Time: 12:24 am
Results for illegal drugs (u.s.)
2 results foundAuthor: U.S. General Accounting Office Title: Drug Control: DOD Needs to Improve Its Performance Measurement System to Better Manage and Oversee Its Counternarcotics Activities Summary: The Department of Defense (DOD) leads detection and monitoring of aerial and maritime transit of illegal drugs into the United States in support of law enforcement agencies. DOD reported resources of more than $1.5 billion for fiscal year 2010 to support its counternarcotics activities. Congress mandated GAO report on DOD’s counternarcotics performance measurement system. Specifically, this report addresses the extent to which (1) DOD’s counternarcotics performance measurement system enables DOD to track progress and (2) DOD uses performance information from its counternarcotics performance measurement system to manage its activities. GAO analyzed relevant DOD performance and budget documents, and discussed these efforts with officials from DOD and the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP). GAO recommends that the Secretary of Defense take steps to improve DOD’s counternarcotics performance measurement system by (1) revising its performance measures and (2) applying practices to better facilitate the use of performance data to manage its counternarcotics activities. DOD concurred with GAO’s recommendations. Details: Washington, DC: Government Accountability Office, 2010. 37p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 19, 2010 at: http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d10835.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United States URL: http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d10835.pdf Shelf Number: 118806 Keywords: Drug ControlDrug EnforcementDrug TraffickingIllegal Drugs (U.S.) |
Author: Fries, Arthur Title: The Price and Purity of Illicit Drugs: 1981-2007 Summary: Through the years, policymakers and researchers have constructed estimates of the price and purity of illicit drugs as a means to monitor the status of drug markets and to gauge the effectiveness of efforts to cope with the illegal drug problem. Notwithstanding the acknowledged challenges that confront the meaningful collection, analysis, and interpretation of data on illicit drugs, it is widely recognized that price and purity affect actual drug use and consumption, and that estimates of price and purity can shed light on the workings of drug markets as well as provide insights on the utility of counter-drug policies, initiatives, and specific intervention events. This document, the Results Report, updates estimates of the price and purity of five specific illicit drugs published by the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) in 2004: powder cocaine, crack cocaine, heroin, d-methamphetamine, and marijuana. The time period spanned by the present analyses is 1981 through 2007, adding 18 quarters to the period covered in the preceding report. All estimates were derived from records in the System To Retrieve Information from Drug Evidence (STRIDE) database maintained by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and furnished to IDA by ONDCP. STRIDE data records, totaling more than a million in number, are based on seizures and undercover purchases of illicit drugs. No other database encompasses as much spatial and temporal data on the price and purity of illicit drugs. As directed by ONDCP, the estimation methodology for generating the price and purity time series given in this current Results Report is essentially identical to the formal econometric modeling approach used in the 2004 study. We provide descriptions of that “Expected Purity Hypothesis (EPH)” modeling construct in Chapter I of this Results Report as well as in Chapter II of the accompanying Technical Report. The STRIDE database reduces down to about 163,000 records for estimating prices of our subject illicit drugs – with respective proportions being 31 percent for powder cocaine, 35 percent for crack cocaine, 20 percent for heroin, 10 percent for d-methamphetamine, and 3 percent for marijuana. Given the thousands of parameters that the EPH methodology estimates for constructing a single time line of estimates for any drug, the STRIDE data content is considered to be sparse for marijuana and d-methamphetamine, and limited for heroin (due to the inherent variability of those data). Our initial execution of the EPH modeling methods replicated the data count totals, estimates, figures, and tables presented in the 2004 ONDCP Results Report and Technical Report. We then incorporated a few modest software modifications, and executed the revised code to generate the price and purity estimates published in the present report. These updates to the previous results can be viewed as a continuation of those provided in 2004. Although the new results are not always numerically identical to past counterparts (e.g., prices for all years in this report are expressed in terms of constant 2007 dollars and zero purity observations are discarded for all drugs but marijuana), they generally are very similar and past major trends and features were reproduced. In Section A, we report national quarterly EPH estimates for each illicit drug for three or four quantity levels, and, where sufficient data exist, for sets of selected major cities. For powder cocaine, crack cocaine, heroin, and d-methamphetamine, all estimated prices reflect adjustments to account for customers’ perceptions of expected purities; i.e., we report estimated price per expected pure gram (sometimes shortened to estimated adjusted price). The lack of purity data for marijuana limits estimation to purchase prices only; i.e., we report estimated price per bulk gram. With the exception of some supplementary purity analyses that incorporate STRIDE records from seizures, all of the price and purity estimates were based exclusively on STRIDE purchase transactions. Section B follows with a discussion of the roles and utilities of specific methodological approaches for constructing price and purity time series from STRIDE data – including the EPH modeling construct (that generated the results presented in Section A) and alternative analytical techniques. Possible future methodological enhancements and research topics also are addressed. Details: Alexandria, VA: Institute for Defense Analyses, 2008. 166p. Source: Internet Resource: ICA Paper P-4369: Accessed February 22, 2013 at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/ondcp/policy-and-research/bullet_1.pdf Year: 2008 Country: United States URL: http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/ondcp/policy-and-research/bullet_1.pdf Shelf Number: 127701 Keywords: Drug Abuse and AddictionDrug MarketsIllegal Drugs (U.S.) |